English Parts of Speech

nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, interjections, conjunctions/connectives

Nouns

What is a noun?  Person, Place, or Thing.  It answers the questions, Who? or What?

The word "noun" means "name" (from French & Latin word "nom").  It is the 'name' or 'label' that we give to a person, place, or thing.

Kinds of nouns:

There are three main kinds of nouns:  common nouns, proper nouns, and pronouns.

Examples:

Verbs

What is a verb?

The verb connects the subject with the rest of the sentence.  It is sometimes an action, sometimes a reception, sometimes a link, and sometimes a helper to the main verb.

Generally a verb is an action word, but that's not always true.

-  There are active verbs (action), passive verbs (acted upon), linking verbs (be), and modal verbs (helping verbs).

Examples:

Tense	active verbs	passive verbs	linking verbs	modal verbs (helping verbs)
Tense	active verbs	passive verbs	linking verbs	modal verbs ( helping verbs)
present tense (habit tense)	throw throws	is thrown	am, are is	can
present tense sentence (habit tense sentence)	I throw darts often. He throws a dart often.	The dart is thrown.	I am a dart player. It is a dart.	I can throw a dart. It can be thrown.
Tense	active verbs	passive verbs	linking verbs	modal verbs ( helping verbs)
simple past tense	threw	was thrown	was	could
simple past tense sentence	I threw a dart.	The dart was thrown.	I was a dart player. It was a dart.	I could throw a dart. The dart could be thrown.
Tense	active verbs	passive verbs	linking verbs	modal verbs ( helping verbs)
future tense	will throw	will be thrown	will be	will be able
future tense sentence	I will throw a dart.	The dart will be thrown.	I will be a dart player. It will be a dart.	I will be able to throw a dart. It will be able to be thrown.
Tense	active verbs	passive verbs	linking verbs	modal verbs ( helping verbs)
perfect tense	have thrown	has been thrown	have been	could have + pp
perfect sentence	I have thrown a dart.	The dart has been thrown.	I have been a dart player. It has been a dart.	I could have thrown a dart player. The dart could have been thrown.
Tense	active verbs	passive verbs	linking verbs	modal verbs ( helping verbs)
past perfect tense	had thrown	had been thrown	had been	had been able
past perfect sentence	I had thrown a dart.	The dart had been thrown.	I had been a dart player. It had been a dart.	I had been able to throw a dart. The dart had been able to have been thrown.

And there is a very special verb in a class all its own:  the existential verb:  There is / There are.

"There is" / "There are" = байх (in Mongolian) & 있다 (in Korean) 

Examples: There is some money.  There are some monkeys.

Adjectives

What is an adjective?

An adjective describes a noun.  It answer the question: "What kind of ______?"

There are different structures for adjectives.

Sample adjectives are blue.

ACTIVE and PASSIVE adjectives.

Sample adjectives are blue:

Also, there are...
comparative adjectives & superlative adjectives.

Sample adjectives are blue.

And, there are...
"~less" Adjectives (Meaning: little or none)
&
"~ful" Adjectives (Meaning: a lot)

Sample adjectives are blue.

Adverbs

What is an adverb?

An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or a whole sentence.

It answers the questions: How?  How often?  and Where?

Sample adverbs are in blue:

Adverbs of How?	Sample sentences     (of verb adverb)	Sample sentences   (of sentence adverb)
softly	She sang softly.	Softly, she did sing.
loudly	She sang loudly.	Loudly, she did sing.
like a bird	She sang like a bird.	Like a bird, she sang.
beautifully	She sang beautifully.	Beautifully, she did sing.

NOTE:

Prepositional phrases are adverb phrases of where.

Interjections

I discuss interjections on my onomatopoeia page

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