PUBLIC
SERVICE
ANNOUNCEMENTS

Leon's
Links

Parents

I have 2 Morpheme Pages;  See my OTHER "Morpheme Page"

Morphemes (Add some morphemes: contact me)
...in reverse order. (i.e., "A" is at the bottom.  "Z" is at the top.)
zoo~ or ~zoa   [of Greek origin, meaning: animal] Examples: "zoo" = short form of "zoological garden" = place to keep animals zoology = the study of animals zoologist = person who studies animals protozoa = first animal spermatozoa = seed of male animals
viv  [of Latin origin, meaning: alive, live, living] Examples: survive [up + live] to live "up" (longer) than others (usually relatives) vivacious = lively vivacity = life energy vivid = looking like real life vivify = to make like real life	vita  [of Latin origin, meaning: life] Examples: vital = needed for life vitality = liveliness vitamin = chemical needed for life (and healthy diet)
vest  [of Latin origin, meaning: cloth] Examples: vest = a sleeveless cloth worn over a shirt vestment = a special cloth [usually worn by clergy] investiture = a metaphorical "cloth," representing power or authority
verb  [of Latin origin, meaning: word] Examples: verbal = of words; having words; using words verbose = using many words
vera or veri  [of Latin origin, meaning: truth] Examples: veracity = truth verily = truly veritable = true
vent  [of Latin origin, meaning come] Examples: advent = The Coming (of something) Advent Calendar = a "countdown" calendar that ends at "the coming" of a special event convene = come together intervene = come between
vacu  [of Latin origin, meaning: empty] Examples: vacuous = having an empty head  (This is an insult). vacuum = empty space vacuum cleaner = a machine that makes empty space
un  [of Latin origin, meaning not]  (see also "in") Examples: undo = erase unhappy = not happy ungrateful = not thankful unseen = not seen
ultra  [of Latin origin, meaning above] Examples: ultrasonic = [above sound]  (a.) of sound that can't be heard by a human ultrasound = sound that is above the ability that humans can hear ultraviolet = [above violet] (wavelengths above violet on the electromagnetic scale)
trans  [of Latin origin, meaning: across] Examples: transform = [move across + form]  to change form transmit = [across + send] to send across wires transport = [across + doors] to move [across a space] from one door to another door
therm(o)  [of Greek origin, meaning heat] Examples: thermal = (a.) using heat thermodynamics = scientific laws of heat thermometer = a device that measures heat endothermic = in-going heat exothermic = out-going heat hypothermia [below heat] = freezing to death hyperthermia = [above heat] heat exhaustion
test  [of Latin origin, meaning witness] Examples: attest = (v.) to witness contest = (v.) to witness again detest = (v.) to witness down (hate) protest = (v.) to witness forward testament = (n.) a written witness testimony = (n.) a spoken witness testify = (v.) to witness testifier = (n.) person who witnesses
temp(o)  [of Latin origin, meaning: time] Examples: tempo = timing (especially for music) contemporary = in modern times
temp(e)  [of Latin origin, meaning: weather] Examples: tempest = storm temperature = heat of the weather
tain  [of Latin origin, meaning: have or hold] Examples: contain [together + hold] = hold (inside) detain [down + hold] = hold sb down (or put sb in jail) maintain = keep holding; keep going; keep doing retain [back + hold] = hold (keep) sth/sb
syn  [of Latin & Greek origin, meaning: same] Examples: synonyms [same + name] = two (or more) words with the same or similar meanings	syn  [of Greek origin, meaning: together] Examples: photosynthesis = putting light together syntax [together + order] the proper order of words in a sentence synthesize = put together; make something synthetic = man-made
sub  [of Latin origin, meaning: under] Examples: subconscious [under + knowledge] = "deep knowledge" in the brain (mind), but not available to memory submarine [under + sea]  = a vehicle that travels under the sea subterranean [under + land]  = underground
stell  [of Latin origin, meaning: star] Examples: Stella = Star (a woman's name) stellar = of the stars; star-like constellation = a group of stars having a name (Ex., Big Dipper)	aster or astro  [of Greek origin, meaning: star] Examples: asterisk = * astrology = study of the stars (and their effects) astronomy [astro + nom (name)] the study and NAMING of the stars
spir or spirit  [of Latin origin, meaning: breath] Examples: spirit = breath [of God] expiration [ex (out) + spir (breath) + ation (action)] breathing out inspiration [in (in) + spir (breath) + ation (action)] breathing in respiration [re (again) + spir (breath) + ation (action)] breathing again (and again)
soph  [of Greek origin, meaning: wisdom] Examples: Sophia = goddess of wisdom sophism = a movement based upon the attainment of wisdom philosophy = love of wisdom
sol  [of Latin origin, meaning: sun] Examples: solar = of the sun solar power = sunlight converted to electrical energy solar calendar = a calendar based upon the time it takes the earth to orbit the sun solarium = a part of a house that is lighted by the sun (with a glass roof)
sist  [of Latin origin, meaning: stand] Examples: desist [down + stand] = stand down; or stop doing sth insist [in + stand] = stand in the doorway; or block sb from doing sth; or keep sb doing sth persist [keep + stand] = keep standing; keep doing sth resist [back + stand] = stand back; refuse doing sth
sens or sent  [of Latin origin, meaning: feeling] Examples: sense = feeling (physical) sensitive = having strong senses (physical or emotional) sentiment = feeling (emotional) sentimental = having emotions (for sth or sb)
science  [of Greek origin, meaning: knowledge] Examples: science = knowledge gained through research and testing hypotheses conscience = a metaphysical knowledge (spiritual knowledge; the soul) subconscious = having a mental knowledge "under" or hidden from one's memory unconscious = not awake
rect  [of Latin origin, meaning: straight or right] Examples: correct (a.) = right correct (v.) = to make right rectangle = a shape having four straight (right) angles rectify = make right (a situation) resurrection [re (again) + sur (up) + rect (straight) + ion (noun)]  to make somebody stand up straight again (make them come alive again)
re  [of Latin origin, meaning: again] Examples: redo = do again (from scratch; from the beginning; start over) renew = make new again (a contract) renovate = make new again (a building) repair [re + pair (ready)] = make ready again (fix) repeat = do again (same thing over and over again) replay = play again replenish = make plenty again resell = sell again retell = tell again	re or retro [of Latin origin, meaning: back] Examples: recede = regain = get back regress = step back resist = stand back (refuse) retain = hold back (keep) "retro" = back in time retroaction = go back and act again retrograde = go back (down) retrospection = look back (in time)
ram  [of Latin origin, meaning: branch] Examples: ramify [branch + make] = to "branch out" ramifications = [made branches] the consequences	RAM  [acronym] Meaning:  Random Access Memory
quo  [of Latin origin, meaning: "how many" or "which"] Examples: quid pro quo [that which is for which] = "tit for tat"  (something for something) quotient [how many times] the answer of a division question status quo = [the state which...[exists]]  the current state of affairs
psych  [of Greek origin, meaning: mind] Examples: psychic = person who uses his/her mind to "see" the future, or remote view psycho = person who is psychotic psychotic = having a messed up mind psychology = [mind + study] study of the mind psychologist = person who studies the mind psychiatrist = doctor of the body and mind
pro  [of Latin origin, meaning: forward] Examples: program = forward letter or word (a piece of paper with information about the event) progress = step forward project = throw forward protest = witness (speak) forward
pre  [of Latin origin, meaning: before] Examples: premarital = before marriage prenatal = before birth preordination = planned before mortal life prepare [pre + pare (ready)] = get ready beforehand pretest = test before learning
post1  [of Latin origin (post), meaning: after] Examples: post modern = new post mortem = after death examination (by a doctor) post op (post operation) = after the operation (surgery) post test = test after learning  (opposite: pretest)	post2  [of Latin origin (posto), meaning place/station] Examples: post = one's station (place of job; or job itself) post office = mail station
port  [of Latin origin, meaning: door or gate] Examples: port = door into a city, state, or country portable = able to be moved from door to door porter = doorman transport = move across [a distance] from one door to another door
pod  [of Greek origin, meaning: foot] Examples: dipod or diapod = 2 feet tripod = 3 feet (such as the thing that holds a camera) tetrapod = 4 feet podiatrist = foot doctor
photo [of Greek origin, meaning: light] Examples: "photo" = short for "photograph" = light writing photosynthesis [photo + syn (together) + thesis (putting)] the process of putting LIGHT + CO2 + H2O together to form C6H12O6
phon  [of Greek origin, meaning: sound] Examples: phone [sound] a device that makes sound phoneme [sound meaning] the smallest unit of a language that has meaning phonemics [sound meaning science] the science (or study) of sounds in a language that are NOT written phonetics [sound science] the science (or study) of sounds in a language that ARE written phonics [sound science] the symbol-sound connection; or the teaching thereof phonology [sound study] the study of sounds in languages (phonetics + phonemics) telephone [far sound] a device that transports sound far away
phil  [of Greek origin, meaning: love] Examples: philanthropist = loving-people person philanthropy = loving people Philadelphia = loving city philately = love of stamps Philip = lover of horses philosophy = love of wisdom philosopher = loving-wisdom person
pharma  [of Greek origin, meaning: drugs] Examples: pharmacy = drug store (medicine store) pharmacist = druggist (person that sells drugs/medicine) pharmacology = the study of drugs and how they affect the body
ped  [of Latin origin, meaning: foot] Examples: pedal = foot pad (on a bicycle) biped = two-footed organism bipedal = having two feet (Bigfoot is bipedal.) quadruped = four-footed organism	ped  [of Greek origin, meaning: child] Examples: pedant = schoolmaster pedantic = acting like a schoolmaster pedagogue = teacher of children pedagogy = the teaching of children
path(o)  [of Greek origin, meaning: feeling] Examples: pathos = feeling apathy = no feeling apathetic = having no feeling	path(o)  [of Greek origin, meaning: suffering] Examples: pathology = study of disease pathologist = person who studies disease pathological = of disease
pair or pare  [of Latin origin (parare), meaning: ready] Examples: compare [com (together) + pare] = to take two ready things and put them together to see just how alike or different they are prepare [pre (before) + pare] = beforehand get ready repair [re (again) + pair] = make (sth) again ready (fixed)	pair  [of Latin origin (paria), meaning: equal] Examples: pair = two equal things (like a pair of shoes) par = [equality] --- average score (for golf)
pan  [of Greek origin, meaning: all] Examples: panacea [all-healer] a drug that cures all illness panorama [all view] a view all around pancreas [all flesh] an organ in the body that regulates blood sugar pandemonium [pan (all) + demon (evil spirits)] uproar; wild, lawless confusion Pandora [all-gifted] From Greek mythology, the first mortal woman Pan-America = All of the Americas	Pan  [>the Greek god Pan, possibly originating from the Greek word paein, meaning "pasture" as Pan was the god of pastures, pastors (shepherds), and wooded areas and wilderness] Examples: panic = the fear caused by Pan when he screamed; mass fear
oral  [>Latin (mouth; opening)] Examples: oral = of one's mouth oral hygiene = cleaning of one's mouth oral exam = an exam done with mouth/talking, rather than reading/writing
organ  [>Latin (organum) & >Greek (organon), meaning musical instrument] Examples: organ = a musical instrument that uses a bellows and pipes	organ  [>Proto-Indo-European (like "urge"), meaning: do or work] Examples: organ = the basic unit of the body that does a specific work organism = a living thing organelle = the basic unit in the cell that does a specific work
nym  [of Greek origin, meaning: name] Examples: acronym = "capital [letter] name" antonym = opposite name (meaning-wise) homonym = same name (spelling-wise) synonym = same name (meaning-wise)	nom  [of French (and Latin) origin, meaning: name] Examples: nom de plum = name of the pen (pen name) nominate = to name sb (for a position)  nomenclature = naming system nominative = noun (name of a person, place, or thing)
neo  [of Greek origin, meaning: new] Examples: neonate = newborn neophite = new person (in a job, school, whatever) neoliberalism = new idea of international free trade	nov  [of Latin origin, meaning: new] Examples: novice = a new person (in a job, school, whatever) novel = a new piece of literature (fiction) nova [stella] = new star
necro  [of Greek origin, meaning: death] Examples: necromancy [death + divination] predicting the future by using dead things, like bones, turtle shells, etc. necrophilia [death + love] the love of death or dead things necropsy = a medical inspection after death
narco  [of Greek origin, meaning: sleep] Examples: narcotics = drugs that make you sleepy narcolepsy = a disease that makes people fall asleep at any time without warning
nat(e)  [of Latin origin, meaning: birth] Examples: native [born]  a person born in that place native speaker = a person who has been learning a specific language since birth Nativity = the birth of Jesus the Nazarene neonate [new birth] a newborn child prenatal [before birth] happening before birth (while in the womb) postnatal [after birth] happening after birth
mort  [of Latin origin, meaning: death] Examples: mortal = (a.) can die immortal = (a.) not able to die mortician = death doctor (the person who prepares the body for the funeral mortify = (v.) make somebody feel so embarrassed or ashamed that they want to die mortified = (a.) feeling so embarrassed or ashamed that one wishes to die
morph  [of Greek origin, meaning: shape] Examples: amorphous = having no shape morpheme = the smallest "shape" or part of a word that has meaning morphology = study of morphemes metamorph = an organism that can change shape at will metamorphic = changing shape metamorphosis [change + shape + process]
meta  [of Greek origin, meaning: change] Examples: metabolism = changes on a cellular level (speed thereof) metamorph = an organism that can change shape at will metamorphic = changing shape metamorphosis [meta + morph (shape) + osis (process)] metaphor [change + carry]  a word that carries a change of meaning metastasis = changing from normal cell to cancerous cell	meta  [of Greek origin, meaning: beyond] Examples: metacognition [meta (beyond) + cognition (knowledge)]           = knowledge about how knowledge is gained metalanguage [meta (beyond) + language (speech)]           = language about language (& how it is learned) metaphysical = beyond the physical metaphysics = study of things beyond the physical
mano or manu  [of Latin origin, meaning: hand] Examples: manufactured [hand + made] (nowadays, it doesn't have to be made by hand, just made) mano a mano [hand to hand]  (used for hand-to-hand combat) i.e., fighting without weapons {only hands (and feet)} manipulate [hand + control] to control somebody with one's hands (also used to control somebody with skillful words)
mal  [of Latin origin, meaning:  bad] Examples: malady = bad disease maladjusted = badly adjusted malevolence = bad heart (mind) malevolent = having a bad heart (mind) malcontent = bad feeling; dissatisfied malformed = having a bad form (shape) malintent = bad intentions
luz or luc  [of Latin origin, meaning: light (the bright stuff that comes from the sun)] Examples: elucidate = to make sb have a bright and clear mind lucid = bright and clear Lucifer = light bearer (the name of the Devil, who is angel of light) Lucy = light (a woman's name)
luna  [of Latin origin, meaning: moon] Examples: lunar calendar = MOON calendar  (opposite: solar calendar, which we use today) lunatic = a person who is made crazy by the full moon
lev  [of Latin origin, meaning: light (not heavy)] Examples: levity = light-heartedness; joviality; frivolity levitation = the process of making something lighter than air levitate = to make something lighter than air
junct  [of Latin origin, meaning: join] Examples: junction [joining] place where two roads join into one, like a "Y" conjunction [together joining] a word that joins two parts of speech or two clauses injunction [in joining]            1. An authoritative warning or order [that joins two parties in fixing a legal problem].           2. A judicial order that restrains a person from effecting legal action, or orders redress to an injured party.
ject  [of Latin origin, meaning: throw] Examples: deject [down throw] to "throw" something (abstract) down; to disregard an idea project [forward throw] literally to throw something forward reject [back throw] to "throw" something back
inter  [of Latin origin, meaning: between] Examples: intercom = between [people] communication international = between nations internet = between networks  [a huge network that connects networks across the globe] intervene = to come between
infra  [of Latin origin, meaning: below] Examples: infrared = below red (in the electromagnetic spectrum)  [see ultraviolet] infrasonic = below sound (that can be heard by human ears) infrastructure = [below building] foundation of all the human civilization (including buildings, bridges, highways, etc.)
in~ or im~  [of Latin origin, meaning not]  (see also "un") Examples: inappropriate = not appropriate inattentive = not attentive indecent = not decent insensitive = not sensitive immaculate = not stained improper = not proper impossible = not possible	in~  [of Latin origin, meaning in]  (sometimes "in" means "in") Examples: innate [in birth] happening from birth (natural) interior = inside inspiration [in + spir (breath) + ation] breathing in
hypo  [of Greek origin, meaning: below, under] Examples: hypodermic = below the skin hypothermia = under-heating disease (freezing to death)
hyper  [of Greek origin, meaning: above, over] Examples: hyperactive = over active hyperthermia = over heating
hydro  [of Greek origin, meaning: water] Examples: Hydra = water dragon (killed by Apollo) hydroelectric energy = electrical energy from water power hydrogen = the basic element in water carbohydrate = carbon + water
homo  [of Latin origin, meaning: same] Examples: homogenous = of the same kind homonyms = same names homophones = same-sounding words homosexual = same gender	homi or homo  [of Latin origin, meaning: man (human)] Examples: ad hominem = against the man homicide = the killing of a human being homo sapiens = thinking man homo erectus = upright man
hetero  [of Latin origin, meaning: different] Examples: heterogeneous = different heterophones = different-sounding words heterosexual = different gender
graph  [of Greek origin, meaning: writing; picture] Examples: graph = a picture (diagram) which communicates like words graphic (n.) = a picture graphic (a.) = having vivid pictures biography [life + writing]  writing about a person's life autobiography [self + life + writing]  writing about one's own life	gram  [of Greek and Latin origin, meaning: writing; letter] Examples: grammar = the rules of writing grammatical = following the rules of writing monogram = 1-letter tetragrammaton = 4-letter word diagram = picture
gnosis  [of Greek origin, meaning: knowledge] Examples: Diagnosis = [dia (apart) + gnosis (knowledge)]  knowledge of that which is apart from the norm (for doctors) Gnostics = keepers of hidden knowledge gnosticism = the religion of the Gnostics prognosis [pro (forward; future) + gnosis] knowledge of what will happen in the future (for doctors) prognostication = act of predicting the future
fin  [of Latin origin, meaning: end] Examples: final = last, of the end finality = the condition of being last finally = lastly finish = n. end;  v. to do until the end finite = a. having an end infinite = a. having no end, without end
~fer  [of Latin origin, meaning: to bear or to carry] Examples: confer [con (together) + fer] to carry/give some abstract thing to another person conifer [conus (cone) + fer] a cone-bearing tree defer [de (down) + fer] to "carry" (or put) down (to be "picked up" later);  delay infer [in (inside) + fer] to "carry" into one's mind (brain);  to guess the meaning "in" some phrase or sentence. Lucifer [luz (light) + fer] light bearer refer [re (back) + fer] to "carry" a discussion back to a previous point
fic  [of Latin origin, meaning: work] Examples: beneficiary = good works receiver efficient = outward working  (producing work outwardly) coefficient [co (2) + e (outside) + fic (work)] the outside part of 2 things working together                    [in mathematics:  in the number 4y, 4 is the coefficient;  4 and y work together by multiplication]
fact  [of Latin origin, meaning: make or do] Examples: factory = place that makes stuff benefactor = good doer effect = out + make (to make a good output)
e~ or ex~   [of Latin origin, meaning: out] Examples: edict [e + dictare (say, speak)] to speak out a rule education [e + duct (carry) + ate (v.) + ion (n.)] to bring ("carry") knowledge out of the teacher's mind and giving it to pupils. efface [e + face (appearance)] face out (to erase or destroy the face of something)  effect [e + fect (do or make)] to make a result egregious [e + greg (group) ious (a.)] clearly, far out of the normal happenings of a group of people egress [e + gress (step)] (v.) to step out of (used metaphorically to mean someone "steps" out of a topic of conversation. elect [e + lect (choose)] (v.) to choose one out of many;  (n.) the best of the best emit [e + mittere (send)]  to send out sth enunciate [e + nunciate (announce)]  to speak out very, very clearly erect [e + rect (straight)] (v.) to make sth stand out/up straight;  (a.) straight eject [e + ject (throw)] (v.) to throw sth out eloquent [e + loqui (speaking, locution)]  (a.) speaking very well elude [e + luz (light)] (v.) to go out of the light.... escape from~ emanate [e + manare (flow)] to come out of... emancipate [e + manus (hand) capare (capture) {mancipium = slavery}]  to  hand sb out of captivity (slavery) exact [ex + act (do, perform)] (v.) to act OUT by demanding sth by force; (a.) precise, accurate exalt [ex + altus (high)] (v.) to take sb out of the multitude and put him/her up high example [ex + samples] one sample out of many excavate [ex + cavare (make a cave)] to dig sth out of the ground exceed [ex + cedere (go)] to go out of or beyond one's expectations (used metaphorically) excel [ex + cellere (rise)] to rise out of or beyond one's expectations (used metaphorically) except [ex + capere (take)] take out _____;  not including ____ exclaim [ex + claim (declare)] to declare loudly out of one's mouth exclude [ex + claudere (shut)] to shut sb or sth out excommunicate [ex + com (together) + municate (share)] to send someone outside a group or organization, and forbid him/her from sharing any property or union with the group excrement [ex + crete (sift) + ment (n.)] the material that comes out of an organism, feces and/or urine. excretory system [ex + crete (sift)] the system of the body that sifts the blood and makes the urine come out. execute [ex + sequi (follow)]  (v.t.) to follow a plan, or an order and many more.	exo~  [of Greek origin, meaning: outside] Examples: exodus = a large movement of people OUT of a region exopolitics = relations with intelligent life OUTSIDE of the Earth exoskeleton = skeleton on the OUTSIDE of the body
~dom   [Old English origin, meaning: "domain" > from Greek: dome, meaning "home"] Examples: Freedom = the domain (home) of being free Wisdom = the domain (home) of being wise Christendom = the domain (home) of Christianity Dukedom = the domain (home) of a duke Kingdom = the domain (home) of a king martyrdom = the domain (home) of being a martyr Note:  ~dom can be added to various words to express "domain of" Examples: officialdom = the domain of official stuff theatredom = the domain of the theatre (Br.) theater (Am.) stupiddom = the domain of stupidity
dict  [of Latin origin, meaning: say, speak] Examples: diction = speech (quality of speech) dictionary = a book that tells you how to say words contradiction = saying against sb or sth prediction = saying (what will happen) before it happens
di or dis = [of Latin origin, meaning: two (2), apart, divided, separated, without (similar to Greek dia] Examples: different [di (2) + fer (bear, carry) + ent (a.)]  bearing (carrying) 2 separate qualities (not the same) difficult [di (apart) + facilis (easy)]  apart from being easy;  i.e., not easy diligent [di (without) + ligere (concern about pain)]  doing sth without concern for pain, hard-working direct [di (2) + rect (straight)]   straight between two points divide [di (2) + videre (separate (v.))]   to separate into two parts disable [dis (without) + able (ability)]   to make something exist without ability (to make something not work)  More Examples without definitions: disappear disappoint disaster discard discern discharge discourse discriminate disease disembowel disfigure disgust dishearten dishonest dishonor etc.
dia  [of Greek origin, meaning: two, apart, divided] Examples: diagnosis [dia + gnosis (knowledge)] the doctor's knowledge of a patient's condition diagonal [dia + gonia (angle)] across from two angles dialect [dia + lect (speak)] a language, which is divided from the standard speech dialogue [dia + logos (word)] a two-person conversation diameter [dia + meter (measure)] the measure of the distance across a circle, the line of which divides the circle into two parts. diaper [dia + aspros (white)] two white cloths worn on a baby's bottom. diarrhea [dia + rhein (flow)] the liquid flow of feces; a liquid bowel movement	dia [from Latin, meaning: day] Examples: carpe dium = cease the day diary = a daily journal diurnal = in the day time (or of the day)       opposite:  nocturnal = in the night time Sample sentences: Humans are diurnal creatures.  Cats are nocturnal creatures.
derm(o)  [of Greek origin, meaning:  skin] Examples: dermis = skin epidermis [epi (top) + dermo] = top layer of skin dermatology [dermo + logos (word, study)] the study of the skin dermatologist [dermo + logos + ist (person)] person, who has studied the skin; skin expert dermatitis [dermo + itis (inflammation)] inflammation of the skin hypodermic [below + skin]
demos  [of Greek origin, meaning:  people] Examples: democracy [demos + cracy (rule,gov't)]  government of the people, for the people, by the people demography [demos + graph (picture)]  the science that measures the different kinds of people in a specific area  demographics = the composition of peoples in a given area demographer = the person who measures the demographics of a given area
de  [from Latin, meaning: down] Examples: debility [de + ability] weakness depend [de + pend (hang)] lit. hang down, but in English: to be resultant or contingent upon.. depose [de + ponere (put)] to put sb down from office deposit [de + ponere (put)] to put sth down depress [de + press] 1) to press sth down, 2) to make sb feel down descend [de + scandere (climb)] to climb down; to come/go down decry [de + cry] to "cry down" sth; i.e., to cry out in order to put a concept or idea down defame [de + fame] to make sb's fame "go down"; i.e., to lessen one's fame defeat [de + facere (make)] to make one's opponent "go down";  to conquer one's opponent degenerate [de + generare (produce)] to cease producing, and begin to fall into decay defy [de + fidus (faith)] to "put down" one's faith/allegiance degrade [de + grade (level,rank)] 1) v.t., to lower the rank of sb/sth; 2) v.i., to lose quality deplane [de + airplane] to get down off of an airplane detain [de + tenere (hold)] to hold sb down; to keep sb in custody (in jail or in prison) and many more...
curre~ = [from Latin, meaning: run] similar to couri~ [from French, meaning: run] Examples: courier [French: runner] a person who runs errands (for other people; and usually for money) current [Latin: running]  English1(n.): "running" water;  English2(a.): "running", i.e., happening, e.g., "current affairs" course [French: running] English1: a road for running;  English2: a way of doing sth, e.g. a "course of action" intercourse [inter (between) + course] Definition1: social interaction/communication;  Defintion2: sex discourse [dis (separately) + course] Latin: running to and fro;  English: communication
crux (or) cruci~  =  [from Latin, meaning: cross = form of torture and capital punishment] Examples: crux (krLks)  = short for crux interpretum or crux philosophorum, meaning:  the cross of interpreters or the cross of philosophers.  (This word is used in formal essays and speeches). crucifix (kru:sifiks)  = (1) the device used to torture and terminate life, used in Roman times. (2) a small model of the original crucifix, used by Christians as an icon of worship crucifixion (kru:sifikfLn)  = the process of nailing a person on the cross for a torturous death. excruciating (a.)  = extremely painful, as being nailed to a cross
com  {variation of "con", together} Examples: combat [com + battere (fight)]  to fight a battle against sth combine [com + bini (two)] to put things together command [com + mandare (mandate)] to mandate; to order commend [com + mandare (mandate)] to praise highly (formal word) comment [com + mens (mind)] to speak one's mind commerce [com + merc (merchandise)] the buying and selling of merchandise commission [com + mission (errand)] an errand (formal word) commit [com + mittere (send)] to promise compact [com + pangere (fasten)] to make tight, and smaller companion [com + panis (bread)] one who eats "bread" with another; partner compartment [com + part + ment] one of many small containers for storage compassion [com + pati (feeling)] the ability to feel for others compel [com + pellere (drive; force)] to drive/force sb to do sth compensate [com + pensare (weigh)] to weigh (the money) for work done complain [com + plangere (lament)] to lament verbally  complete [com + plenus (full)] to be full, whole compose [com + ponere (put)] to put sth together to make sth else computer [com + put (put) + er (machine)] a machine that puts numbers together etc...
contra  [from >Latin, meaning:  counter, against] Examples: contraband = [contra + band (decree)] = illegal goods contraception = [contra + ception (reception)] literally = against reception, but specifically against reception of sperm (to egg) contradict = [contra + dict (say)] to say the opposite of what sb else says contraposition = [contra + position (stance)] against another's stance contrary = against, opposite contrast = to see the differences
con  [from >Latin, meaning:  together (two or more)] Examples: concur = [con + cur (happen)]  to happen together (at same time) condemn = [con + demn (damn)] to damn sb.(all together, with one mind) confound = [con + ?]  to perplex, baffle, stupefy congratulate = [con + gratulate (?)] to express words of praise for an achievement conjugate = [con + jugate (join, v.)]  to join together conjunction = [con + junction (joining, n.)] the joining of things together consent = [con + sent (feel)] to agree; to give permission constitute = [con + stitute (set up)] to set up together contact = [con + tact (touch)] to touch (v.t.) together convene = [con + vene (come)] to come together (in a big group) (v.i.)
cogni~  [of Latin origin, meaning: knowledge (but different from "science" which also means knowledge)]  "cogni" means to have intimate knowledge of something; that means, to have a deep understanding about something or someone. Examples: cognition = knowledge + understanding cognitive development = the mental development of a human being (from birth to adult) recognize [again + know]  to perceive something for the second time and to remember (know it again) precognition [before + knowing]  knowing beforehand what will happen (usually from psychic sources)
co  [from >Latin, meaning:  2 people together] Examples: coact = act together (2 people) coauthor = author together (2 people) cocreate = create together (2 people) coedit = edit together (2 people) coeducation (education that has the 2 genders together) coinvent = invent together (2 people) coproduce = produce together (2 people) coworker = a person that works together with you (at the same company) etc.
civil  [from >Latin, meaning:  city-like, i.e., having rule and order] Examples: civic = (a.) of a city civil = having rule and order civilian = member of a city or state, which is NOT a member of the military  (opp. soldier) civility = rule and order civilize = make having rule and order civilization = place having rule and order civility = action without fighting, without war civil servant = anyone who works for the government of a city or state
citi  [from >Latin, meaning:  town] Examples: citizen = member of a city or state city = large town
circulo  [from >Latin, meaning:  circle] Examples: circle = circle circuit = electrical circle circular = (adj.) circulate = to send around in a circular direction circumcise = [circum + cise (cut)]  to cut the foreskin of the penis circumference = distance around a circle circumscribe = to describe all aspects of limits clearly circumspect = [circum + spect (look)] look all around circumstance = situation all around circumvent = [circum + vent (come)]  to avoid (come around) circus = show in a circle-shaped tent	cyclo  [from >Greek, meaning: circle] Examples: Cyclops = [cyclo + ops (eye)] = monster with one circular eye in the middle of it's forehead bicycle = two-wheeled vehicle tricycle = three-wheeled vehicle unicycle = one-wheeled vehicle cycle = circular event (process that repeats) cyclic = (adj.) happening in cycles encyclopedia = en (in) + cyclo (circle) + ped (child) + ia (which loosely translated means education). cyclone = hurricane motorcycle = a bicycle with a motor on it
cine /si-neh/ [from >Latin, but originally from >Greek kinesis, meaning:  movement] Examples: cinema = movie theatre cinemactor = movie star (male) cinemactress = movie star (female) cinema fan = one who likes to see movies (in the theater) cinematic = [cine + mat (place) + ic (a.)]  of movies, or of the movie theater cinematics = [cine + mat + ics (science)] the science of cinematography cinematography = [cine + mat + graph (picture) + y (study)]  the art, science, and study of movie-making   cinematographer = one who makes movies, director cinephile = [cine + phile (lover)]  movie-lover
chron  [from >Greek, meaning: time] Examples: chronicle = journal {with time (dates)} chronology = 1.) study of time;  (2.) timeline chronometer = time measurer (a machine that measures time) anachronism = an event or thing (in literature) that is out of its proper time (setting) anachronous = out of time (out of its proper time)
chrom  [from >Greek, meaning: color] Examples: chromatic = having many colors chrome = a mirror-like metal that reflects ALL COLORS chromium = a shiny metal chromosomes = colorful "bodies" (the colorful bodies of DNA)
cele  [from >Latin, meaning:  sky, heaven] Examples: celestial = of the sky, of heaven (adj.) Celeste = "heaven" (It's a woman's name) maybe... ceiling = top of a room
ceive [from>Latin origin (capere), meaning: take] Examples: conceive [con (together) + ceive (take)]   (1) to take into one's mind;                  (2) to take seed (sperm) into the egg (ovum) deceive [de (down) + ceive (take)]  to take one "down"; to trick sb perceive [per (through) + ceive (take)] to take in through one's senses (through one of the five senses) receive [re (again) + ceive (take)] to take; to accept	cept [from>Latin, meaning: taken] Examples: conception = [sperm] taken into the egg (ovum) Immaculate conception = [sperm] taken into the egg (ovum) without sex (adulteration) deception perception reception
ceed or cede  [from>Latin, meaning, to go; or to yield] Examples: concede [con (together) + cede] = to yield proceed [pro (forward) + ceed] = to go forward recede [re (back) + cede] = to go back secede [se (separate) + cede] = to go separate:  to go apart from
carn~  [from>Latin, meaning: flesh, meat] Examples: carnivore = meat eater carnival = meat festival incarnate = in the flesh (spirit in the flesh) reincarnate = again in the flesh (live again, in a different flesh body)
cap  [from>Latin, meaning: head] Examples: cap = a hat for the head captain = head master (of a ship) capital offense = a crime that requires ones head to be cut off [nowadays: a crime worthy of the death penalty] capitol building = the "head" building of a state (or country) capitol city = the "head" city of a state (or country) capsize = turn on one's head (as a ship turns over in the sea)
blanc / blank [from >Latin blanco, meaning: white] Examples: blank = in English "blank" doesn't mean "white";  it means "clean" (when referring to a surface) blanket = probably originally a white sheet (for a bed), but now it means any covering for a bed carte blanche /cart blanf / [from >French:  carte (card) + blanche (white), meaning:  "white card"]  in English carte blanche is used as and adverb.  For example, "Full power was given carte blanche to control his affairs." Note:  "carte blanche" is a metaphor.  For detailed explanation see the Metaphor Page.
bio  [from >Greek, meaning: life] Examples: biology = study of life biography = life writing biochemical = having "life" chemicals biochemistry = study of "life" chemicals (the chemistry of life)
bene  [from > Latin, meaning: good] Examples: benefit = good works beneficiary = good works receiver benefactor = good doer benevolence = good-heartedness
auto  [from > Greek, meaning: self] Examples: autobiography = self-life-writing autocrat = self ruler autocracy = self rule automobile = self-moving thing automatic = moving by itself
arch /ark/ = [from > Greek, meaning: leader, ruler, chief] Examples: archangel /ark ein' dzel/ = [chief angel] (Michael) archenemy /ark en' e mi:/ = [chief enemy] matriarch /mei' tri: ark/ = [mother leader] patriarch /pei' tri: ark/ = [father leader] monarchy /ma' nar ki:/ = [one ruler] diarchy /dai' ar ki:/ = [two rulers] triarchy /trai' ar ki:/ = [three rulers] tetrarchy /tre' trar ki:/ = [four rulers] oligarchy /a' li gar ki:/ = [few rulers]	arch = [from > Latin, meaning: bow] Examples: Many buildings use arches in their architecture. Archery = the use of bow Archer = person who uses a bow
aqua = [from >Latin, meaning: water] Examples: AquaMan = the superhero that can swim and breathe under water aquamarine [aqua + marine (sea)] = color of the sea aquarium = [aqua + rium (place)] = a glass container, which fish are kept in Aquarius = [aqua + rius (carrier)] the eleventh sign of the Zodiac:  The Water Carrier Aquatic = living in or near water aqueduct [aqua + duct (conduit)] = A human-made water-way aqueous = of water
ad  = [from >Latin, meaning:  to (toward)] Examples:  addict [ad + dict (say)] to make someone surrender to (sth) address [ad + dress (arrange)] to speak to an audience adhere [ad + here (stick)] to stick to (sth) ad hoc [ad + hoc (this)] to/for this ad infinitum [ad + infinitum (infinity)] to infinity ad initium [ad + initium (beginning)]  to the beginning ad interim [ad + interim (middle)] to the middle adjacent [ad + jacent (lie)] to lie next to adjourn [ad + journ (journey)] to make a journey home from a business mtg. admire [ad + mire (wonder, astonish)] to be astonished at admit [ad + mit (send)] to send in admonish [ad + monish (warm)] advance [ab (from) + vance (ante,before)] from before advent [ad + vent (come)] the coming Adventist [ad + vent + ist (person)] person who looks for the coming of the Lord Jesus Christ adventure [ad + vent + ure (n.)] exciting event adverb [ad + verb] to the verb advise [ad + vise (counsel)] to give counsel advocate [ad + vocate (voice)] to make a voice in behalf of...
ab = [from >Latin, meaning:  from] Examples: abandon = [ab + andon = walk] to walk away from abdicate = [ab + dicate = say]  to say I will go away from; resign abduct = [ab + duct = carry] to carry away from abject = [ab + ject = throw] to be down (depressed) aborigine = [ab + original = first] from the first people of a place abrupt = [ab + rupt = tear, break] sudden absent = [ab + sent = be, exist] away from (not) existing absolute = [ab + solute = loose] away from (not) loose; sure absolve = [ab + solve = loosen] to make not loose; to make sure absorb = [ab + sorb = suck] to suck (sth) up abstain = [ab + stain = hold, have] to refrain from; to not have abstract = [ab + stract = pull] to pull from/ out of absurd = [ab + surd = deaf, stupid] from stupidity
a  (or "an") =  [from >Greek, meaning:  no/not] Examples: amorphous = [a (no) + morph (shape) + ous (adj.)] amoral = [no morals] adj. asexual = [no sex] adj. atypical = not typical anarchy /aen ar ki:/ = [an (no) + arch (leader) + y (n.)]
***

　Please visit my OTHER Vocab ( morphemes) Page